OK, here we go with my disertation on GM diesel engines.
The 5.7L diesel of about 1981 & 1982 in GM light trucks was used in cars, notably Oldsmobiles, Cadillacs and Pontiacs, perhaps others, after the trucks stopped using them. This was nothing more than a converted gasoline engine with modifications made for diesel, but not enough modifications. They were famous (infamous?) for blowing head gaskets and generally being maintenance nightmares.
However, I have seen several cars that were meticulously maintained that worked well for a long time. One I personally saw was an Olds 98 ('83 I think) that had over 520,000 miles on a non-rebuilt engine. That is far from the norm. I would venture that most, if not all of these cars that are still on the road had a gas "Target" motor installed withing 5 years of when it was built.
This 5.7L hurt the reputations of diesels in this country in a way that is almost mythical. Obviously everyone understands that. GM also did us no favors by introducing the 4.3L diesel, another converted gas engine, to drive the front wheels of GM A body cars, usually (if not exclusively) the Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera. Take a relatively rough 90 degree V6, and then add the clatter of diesel....you can see why virtually no one bought the car. That is the only reason the diesel 4.3L is not viewed as the worst diesel ever, it was much worse than the 5.7L. The problem was, too many bought the 5.7L.
In 1983, GM light trucks began using the 6.2L diesel engine. This was not a converted gas engine, but a purpose built diesel engine built by expert Detroit Diesel. This was not an overly powerful engine, but was quite torquey. The engine was quite robust, with a single glaring fault...if you ran the engine with too little fuel in the tank or let it run dry, the injection pump would wear out quite quickly.
"Who would do such a thing?" you ask? Well, most of these 6.2Ls (not all) were sold with dual tanks and a manual switch between them. See the problem? Switch at 1/4 tank and the pump would last a good long time. Wait till it sputters before you switch and kiss the pump goodbye at 60,000 to 80,000 miles.
The second problem was not the engine at all, but the transmission it was often paired with. Heavy 3/4 ton trucks and 1 tons would have a T-400. Those were no problem. However, the 1/2 ton and most 3/4 tons (the bulk of all diesels sold) had the early 700R4. This is now a fine transmission, and with a name change and few modifications lives on in both light and heavy versions in GM trucks today (the 60L and 80L). Early on, though, second gear and other components had a tendency to explode under high torque. Tell me class, what does even a 150hp diesel V8 produce alot of? TORQUE.
Now, the 6.2L with the 700R4 could do a nice job, especially at turning in good mileage numbers. Try over 20mpg in a full size truck with a moderate to light load. The problem was, by '86 or so when the problems were corrected, the reputation was ruined and Dodge was on the cusp of releasing the legendary Cummins, and with Ford having the well regarded International Harvester engine, GM lost out in the diesel war, though it went on to offer a 6.5L diesel, and finally a 6.5L TD which were both based off the 6.2L Detroit.
True. The military Hummer used the Detroit engine as well. Originally the 6.2L, then the 6.5L. I do not believe they used the turbo version in the military, though....but I could be wrong. I wasn't a transpo. guy, I was a dirty leg.
How's that for useless information?