Sorry, Kevin, I didn't realize you had the early CDSE carbs without the needle adjustment feature. On those, I believe the theory is what you've already tried : loosen the setscrew and pull the needle and carrier out.
Unfortunately, if it's stuck, there isn't any good way to apply force without damaging the needle. You could try soaking it in solvent or penetrating oil. Then when that doesn't work, try applying some heat (propane torch) and tugging on the needle with a rag wrapped around it. Don't get it too hot though, you don't want to soften the metal.
But if that doesn't work, and you have replacement needles (and carriers) on hand; then just grab the old ones with pliers or vice grips and go to it. Once the needle has pulled out of the carrier (which it probably will), you can probably work the carrier out by threading a suitable tap into it, then dropping some sort of spacer (couple of big flat washers maybe) over the tap and turning a nut down to pull the tap out with the carrier attached.
Otherwise, just leave them alone and hope they are OK