Good question I just pulled the head off TR 6 today on a motor that has sat for as many years maybe 20 years also. it was not like yours much cleaner for sure. There was no history of the motor but was quite rich with carbon on plugs and piston head.
At first look at your head I would say there was a lack of enough oil to the rear of the rockers. Slug should have been more even as the oil should all drain down the galley to the pan.
Fact: One- 6 cyl motor will be hotter to the rear of the block as yours shows. Two- Oil to the top of the block and or head is slow as oil pressure gets oil moving. TEST take the oil filler cap off the cover and start a motor from cold and see how long it takes until you see oil coming from rockers that hole on the top of the rocker. Three - when you complete your work add a line to the top of the head. NOTE At the rear of the head is a bolt the allows a line to be added from the oil pump area.
Slug build-up comes from lack of oil changes as oil breaks down, the additives in motor oil act as cleaning DETGERNT OIL to filter
When motors sit for a long time either inside or out oil will go away and leave parts dry you may not have rust but lube the as you expose parts. I would guess your rocker shaft may be quite worn and need be replaced and a few rockers also. Check for the amount of wear.
I removed the studs and used wood wedges to raised head until we lifted it off. It will be tight to free up.
Take your time it will all come apart with some WD 40 Hope that helps add pic as you go.
Madflyer