Kevin, take a look at this picture. Notice upward pointing arrow as it locates the rocker oil feed hole, then compare the downward pointing arrow identifying the worn area on the shaft. This rocker was not properly installed on the shaft. The oil that should have lubricated the rocker, instead went out onto the head, starving the downstream rockers of oil plus reducing the supply to the upstream ones.
Compare your wear pattern to this old shaft where you can see each rocker arm covered the supply hole and oil reservoir.
So here is what happened. A rocker or several, lacking oil, seized on the shaft. One or more kept a valve open, which gave you the "putt-putt" sound.
An expensive mistake, but not a budget buster.
To get you back on the road until you can afford new parts:
Check your old spare rocker assembly for proper alignment of the rockers over the oil supply holes and correct as necessary.
and, check your push rods to insure they are not bent by rolling them on a hard surface.