Sounds like a (bad) exhaust leak. FWIW, I haven't had much luck with the brass nuts on the manifold-downpipe studs; they always seemed to work loose (yes, I used new ones). I finally solved that issue by double-nutting with steel nuts and anti-seize on the studs to prevent them corroding together. If it's the gaskets on those flanges, you'll usually see some black soot at the point of failure (or anywhere else on the exhaust, for that matter).
Check all around the external moving parts. If, for instance, your engine mounts collapsed--they're known to sag pretty bad--the fan or even the crank pulley could be hitting something (but that would probably sound more metallic).