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... he'd leave on a Mountain Sheep hunt with only 1 bullet - if he missed, he came home empty handed...
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My daughter does exactly this. She uses a Hawken .50 cal black powder rifle for deer. This is not one of the fancy new in-line black powder weapons but an old (repro) percussion weapon. She gets her deer, does her own "processing" and uses every scrap, including the bones.
She hunts her own land so is familar with the terrain etc and is shooting at very short range, but I still like the way she approaches it.