Rust removal has a myriad of methods, some better than others. There are self etching primers that come in rattle cans. A wire wheel is good for removing flakey rust but then a roloc or scotchbrite type pad on a grinder might get you to bare ( shiny) metal. There are many products that etch and leave a phosphate coating which is rust resistant and good under most paints. Hardware or big box stores often have a good selection. For spot repairs on parts you won't see, rattle cans are fine by me. That being said the fiddly part of any paint job is in the prep work if you want it to last. Spend your time getting rid of any trace of rust and clean, clean, clean again befor you lay down any paint. Youtube will have dozens of rust repair videos.