Lots of good advice above:
Changing old hydraulic hoses is probably the number one thing. I had one that was internally collapsed and acted as a one-way valve. No front brake on that side.
By the way, I swapped a stuck caliper for a rebuilt unit I got from the local chain auto-parts store (I didn't have time to play with rebuilding one). It was easy and pretty cheap.
If you think you have a bad front brake, jack up both front wheels (using all appropriate safety stands, etc). Have a helper very lightly press on the brake pedal. Then see if both wheels are dragging (try to turn them by hand). Have the helper increase the pedal pressure a little at a time. Both sides should feel similar.
And after the pedal is released, see if one side is "dragging".
To answer your question about the ceramic versus semi-metallic pads: I'd use the ordinary semi-metallic pads.
I had the ceramic pads in my race car and I couldn't get them hot enough, even when racing.
The Green Stuff pads that Drew suggested are good too (I've used them), but I think it's recommended that you add new rotors when you use them.
With the ordinary semi-metallic street pads, you can get away with used rotors a little easier. I have a set of the ordinary Moss semi-metallic street pads in my race car right now and they work fine.