Sometimes they just fail.
Usually you see the points start pitting as they start to go, sometimes they just.....go.
I worked for Lincoln-Mercury in 1976, and they had a "bad batch", the tow trucks were lined up bringing them back.
I know I use an OLD Snap-On coil tester that also checks condensors.
There are expensive units to check capacitors in electronics, but in today's day of electronic ignition and fuel injection, finding a new condensor tester might be hard.
In the OLD days, you would inspect points, and if they were pitting on the grounded side, you changed the value of the condensor one way, if on the movable arm, you changed the value the other way.
I don't think I ever actually did that.
Points were cheap.
I still throw the old points, condensor, rotor, and at least one plug in a bag in the boot after a tune-up......just in case Rule One comes into play.
First Rule of Automotive Repair states: "Just because it's a new part doesn't mean it's a good part"